When it comes to contraception, there is no single “best method.”
Every woman is unique — and the right choice depends on health, lifestyle, and personal needs.
Contraceptive methods are divided into three main groups:
1️⃣ Hormonal methods – pills, injectables, implants, hormonal IUD.
2️⃣ Non-hormonal methods – copper IUD, condoms, diaphragm.
3️⃣ Local methods – spermicides, vaginal ring, contraceptive sponge.
✨ Today, we start with one of the most common hormonal methods: Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs).
🔹 What are COCs?
- Pills containing estrogen + progestin.
- Taken daily, usually 21 days with a 7-day break (or placebo).
🔹 How do they work?
Suppress ovulation.
Thicken cervical mucus to block sperm.
Thin the endometrium to prevent implantation.
✅ Advantages:
Dual role: reliable contraception + therapeutic benefits.
Improves quality of life for many women.
⚠️ Disadvantages
Daily intake is essential.
Side effects: nausea, mood changes, irregular bleeding.
⚠️ Not suitable for , contraindication:
Smokers above 40 years old.
Migraine with aura.
History of blood clots.
. Cholecystitis (Gall bladder disease)
Uncontrolled hypertension.
🔹 Other Medical Uses of COCs:
Cycle Regulation:
- Helpful for women with irregular periods.
- Management of Menstrual Disorders:
- Reduce heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia).
- Relieve painful periods (dysmenorrhea).
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS):
- Control irregular cycles.
- Improve acne and hirsutism by lowering androgen levels.
Endometriosis:
Reduce pelvic pain and suppress endometrial tissue growth.
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) & PMDD:
Alleviate mood changes, bloating, and discomfort before periods.
Cancer Risk Reduction:
Long-term use lowers the risk of ovarian and endometrial carcinoma.
📖 Guidelines:
According to WHO MEC and ACOG, non-contraceptive benefits are well-established and often considered when prescribing COCs for women without primary need for family planning.