When it comes to contraception, there is no single “best method.”

Every woman is unique — and the right choice depends on health, lifestyle, and personal needs.

Contraceptive methods are divided into three main groups:

1️⃣ Hormonal methods – pills, injectables, implants, hormonal IUD.

2️⃣ Non-hormonal methods – copper IUD, condoms, diaphragm.

3️⃣ Local methods – spermicides, vaginal ring, contraceptive sponge.

✨ Today, we start with one of the most common hormonal methods: Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs).

🔹 What are COCs?

• Pills containing estrogen + progestin.
• Taken daily, usually 21 days with a 7-day break (or placebo).

🔹 How do they work?

Suppress ovulation.

Thicken cervical mucus to block sperm.

Thin the endometrium to prevent implantation.

✅ Advantages:

Dual role: reliable contraception + therapeutic benefits.

Improves quality of life for many women.

⚠️ Disadvantages

Daily intake is essential.

Side effects: nausea, mood changes, irregular bleeding.

⚠️ Not suitable for , contraindication:

Smokers above 40 years old.

Migraine with aura.

History of blood clots.

. Cholecystitis (Gall bladder disease)

Uncontrolled hypertension.

🔹 Other Medical Uses of COCs:

Cycle Regulation:

• Helpful for women with irregular periods.
• Management of Menstrual Disorders:
• Reduce heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia).
• Relieve painful periods (dysmenorrhea).

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS):

• Control irregular cycles.
• Improve acne and hirsutism by lowering androgen levels.

Endometriosis:

Reduce pelvic pain and suppress endometrial tissue growth.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) & PMDD:

Alleviate mood changes, bloating, and discomfort before periods.

Cancer Risk Reduction:

Long-term use lowers the risk of ovarian and endometrial carcinoma.

📖 Guidelines:

According to WHO MEC and ACOG, non-contraceptive benefits are well-established and often considered when prescribing COCs for women without primary need for family planning.